PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive hereditary disorder that classically affects males due to the presence of only one X chromosome in males. Females are usually carriers due to the presence of counterpart X chromosome, but many times manifestations of hemophilia are seen in heterozygous carrier females.

Detailed explanation-2: -Examples of X-linked recessive conditions include red-green color blindness and hemophilia A: Red-green color blindness. Red-green color blindness simply means that a person cannot distinguish shades of red and green (usually blue-green). Their visual acuity (ability to see) is normal.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hemophilia is usually an inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot properly. This can lead to spontaneous bleeding as well as bleeding following injuries or surgery. Blood contains many proteins called clotting factors that can help to stop bleeding.

Detailed explanation-4: -X-linked recessive inheritance refers to genetic conditions associated with mutations in genes on the X chromosome. A male carrying such a mutation will be affected, because he carries only one X chromosome. A female carrying a mutation in one gene, with a normal gene on the other X chromosome, is generally unaffected.

Detailed explanation-5: -Autosomal recessive transmission of hemophilia A due to a von Willebrand factor mutation.