PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer and Explanation: 1) An XX sex chromosome pair results in female and XY chromosome pair results in male. R is dominant over r, resulting in red eyes.

Detailed explanation-2: -In fruit flies, the wild-type eye color is red (XW) and is dominant to white eye color (Xw). Because this eye-color gene is located on the X chromosome only, reciprocal crosses do not produce the same offspring ratios. Males are said to be hemizygous, because they have only one allele for any X-linked characteristic.

Detailed explanation-3: -Example 1: In fruit flies, the gene for red eyes is dominant over the gene for white eyes. The trait is sex-linked on the X chromosome.

Detailed explanation-4: -The eye color gene is located on the X chromosome (one of the sex determining chromosomes of Drosophila). White eye color is recessive. When a red eyed male mates with white eyed females, their daughters will have red eyes, but their sons will have white eyes.

Detailed explanation-5: -In fruit flies, red eyes are dominant over sepia (brownish) eyes.