PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Glowacka’s team genetically modified a tobacco plant to open its stomata less in order to save water. They found that the tobacco plants grew to the same weight as non-genetically modified control, but required 25% less water.

Detailed explanation-2: -How could genetic engineering be used to produce a more successful crop in a hot, dry climate? non-essential DNA could be removed from the genomes of the crop plants. DNA from plants adapted to dry areas could be added to the genomes of the crop plants.

Detailed explanation-3: -These breeding techniques have been used to develop higher-yielding varieties, including plants resistant to pests or disease. These improved varieties have contributed to a dramatic explosion in agricultural output.

Detailed explanation-4: -Genetically modified (GM) crops can help reduce agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In addition to possible decreases in production emissions, GM yield gains also mitigate land-use change and related emissions.