PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Twenty-two of these pairs, called autosomes, look the same in both males and females. The 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males and females. Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. The 22 autosomes are numbered by size.

Detailed explanation-2: -These non-sex chromosomes are called autosomes. People usually have two copies of each chromosome. One copy is inherited from their mother (via the egg) and the other from their father (via the sperm).

Detailed explanation-3: -An autosome is one of the numbered chromosomes, as opposed to the sex chromosomes. Humans have 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes (XX or XY). Autosomes are numbered roughly in relation to their sizes.

Detailed explanation-4: -Autosomes carry the genetic coding for everything except sex determination which is inherited from the parents of an organism. Genes in autosomes function as the coding instructions for proteins, which are used to create every cell, enzyme, tissue, bone, and organ within the body.

Detailed explanation-5: -Autosomes control the inheritance of all an organism’s characteristics except the sex-linked ones, which are controlled by the sex chromosomes.