PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetic engineering (also called genetic modification) is a process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism. This may involve changing a single base pair (A-T or C-G), deleting a region of DNA or adding a new segment of DNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -Genome editing (also called gene editing) is a group of technologies that give scientists the ability to change an organism’s DNA.

Detailed explanation-3: -Genetic engineering allows scientists to move desired genes from one plant or animal into another. Genes can also be moved from an animal to a plant or vice versa. Another name for this is genetically modified organisms, or GMOs. The process to create GE foods is different than selective breeding.

Detailed explanation-4: -A gene mutation (myoo-TAY-shun) is a change in one or more genes.

Detailed explanation-5: -Locating an organism with a specific trait and extracting its DNA. Cloning a gene that controls the trait. Designing a gene to express in a specific way. Transformation, inserting the gene into the cells of a crop plant. Cross the transgene into an elite background.