PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -This guide RNA also attaches to the Cas9 enzyme. When introduced into cells, the guide RNA recognizes the intended DNA sequence, and the Cas9 enzyme cuts the DNA at the targeted location, mirroring the process in bacteria.

Detailed explanation-2: -The Cas9 nuclease encloses the guide RNA and binds the structure with specific interactions in a number of domains. Specifically, the REC1 and REC2 domains bind the complementary region of the guide RNA, and eventually the guide RNA target DNA heteroduplex upon DNA binding.

Detailed explanation-3: -A guide RNA (gRNA) is a piece of RNA that functions as a guide for RNA-or DNA-targeting enzymes, with which it forms complexes. Very often these enzymes will delete, insert or otherwise alter the targeted RNA or DNA.

Detailed explanation-4: -Introduction to CRISPR-Cas9 Technology The guide RNA is a specific RNA sequence that recognizes the target DNA region of interest and directs the Cas nuclease there for editing.

Detailed explanation-5: -When the target DNA is found, Cas9 – one of the enzymes produced by the CRISPR system – binds to the DNA and cuts it, shutting the targeted gene off. Using modified versions of Cas9, researchers can activate gene expression instead of cutting the DNA. These techniques allow researchers to study the gene’s function.