PATHOLOGY MCQ
GENETICS AND DISEASE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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When bacterial DNA has new genes added to it
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When bacterial DNA turns into RNA
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When bacterial DNA is dissolved by scientists
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When bacterial DNA combines with a virus’ DNA
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Detailed explanation-1: -What is Bacterial Transformation? Bacterial transformation is a process of horizontal gene transfer by which some bacteria take up foreign genetic material (naked DNA) from the environment. It was first reported in Streptococcus pneumoniae by Griffith in 1928.
Detailed explanation-2: -In bacteria, transformation and conjugation usually mediate the transport of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) across one or more membranes. Transformation involves the uptake of environmental DNA, whereas conjugation permits the direct transfer of DNA between cells (Fig. 1).
Detailed explanation-3: -Bacteria can take up foreign DNA in a process called transformation. Transformation is a key step in DNA cloning. It occurs after restriction digest and ligation and transfers newly made plasmids to bacteria.
Detailed explanation-4: -Transformation is a process by which a susceptible or “competent” bacterial cell acquires new genetic material from its environment. There are two types of transformation: natural and artificial.