PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Genetic engineering (also called genetic modification) is a process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism. This may involve changing a single base pair (A-T or C-G), deleting a region of DNA or adding a new segment of DNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -Genetic engineering is defined as the direct manipulation of an organism’s genes including heritable and nonheritable recombinant DNA constructs.

Detailed explanation-3: -Genetic engineering is the modification of the genetic information of living organisms by manipulation of DNA i.e. by adding, removing or repairing part of genetic material (DNA) and changing the phenotype of the organism. It is also known as gene manipulation or Recombinant DNA Technology (r-DNA Technology).

Detailed explanation-4: -Genetic manipulation is a process where the gene for a particular character is introduced inside the chromosome of a cell. When the gene for a particular character is introduced in a plant cell, a transgenic plant is produced. These transgenic plants exhibit characters governed by the newly introduced gene.

Detailed explanation-5: -The term genetic engineering initially referred to various techniques used for the modification or manipulation of organisms through the processes of heredity and reproduction.