PATHOLOGY MCQ
GENETICS AND DISEASE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Prokaryotes have a number of circular DNA molecules while eukaryotes have a single linear DNA molecule
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The prokaryote chromosome is a single circular DNA molecule while eukaryotes have a number of linear DNA molecules
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The prokaryote chromosome is made from plasmid molecules while eukaryotes have a number of linear DNA molecules
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Prokaryotes have a number of circular DNA molecules and eukaryotes have a single linear DNA molecule
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Detailed explanation-1: -The key difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus (and membrane-bound organelles), whereas prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus. In eukaryotic cells, all the chromosomes are contained within the nucleus.
Detailed explanation-2: -In prokaryotes, the circular chromosome is contained in the cytoplasm in an area called the nucleoid. In contrast, in eukaryotes, all of the cell’s chromosomes are stored inside a structure called the nucleus. Each eukaryotic chromosome is composed of DNA coiled and condensed around nuclear proteins called histones.
Detailed explanation-3: -Eukaryotic chromosomes are larger than that of prokaryotes. Prokaryotic chromosome contains a covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). Each eukaryotic chromosome contains a linear DNA with two ends. Prokaryotic chromosomes codes for few proteins.
Detailed explanation-4: -Eukaryotic DNA is linear, whereas prokaryotic DNA is circular. Eukaryotic DNA contains adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases, whereas prokaryotic DNA contains uracil, thymine, guanine, and cytosine bases. Prokaryotic DNA is not found in the nucleus, whereas eukaryotic DNA is.
Detailed explanation-5: -Prokaryotic cells are haploid, meaning they do not have chromosomes that occur in homologous pairs. Most prokaryotic cells have just one chromosome, so they are classified as haploid cells (1n, without paired chromosomes). Even in Vibrio cholerae, which has two chromosomes, the chromosomes are unique from one another.