PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Gene cloning, which creates copies of genes or segments of DNA. Reproductive cloning, which creates copies of whole animals. Therapeutic cloning, which creates embryonic stem cells. Researchers hope to use these cells to grow healthy tissue to replace injured or diseased tissues in the human body.

Detailed explanation-2: -Clones contain identical sets of genetic material in the nucleus-the compartment that contains the chromosomes-of every cell in their bodies. Thus, cells from two clones have the same DNA and the same genes in their nuclei.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cloning is the process of generating a genetically identical copy of a cell or an organism. Cloning happens all the time in nature. In biomedical research, cloning is broadly defined to mean the duplication of any kind of biological material for scientific study, such as a piece of DNA or an individual cell.

Detailed explanation-4: -The first motive for cloning genes may be to gain information about the nucleotide sequence of the gene. DNA sequencing or restriction enzyme cutting analysis can be used to study a gene or compare versions of a gene from different sources. A second motive would be to manipulate a gene.

Detailed explanation-5: -By cloning these cows, farmers could make milk more quickly and cheaply. Scientists use special mice to study diseases like cancer. Cloning them could help scientists research how diseases progress. To develop new medicines for humans, scientists use animals that are as identical as possible.