PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Granulation tissue is a type of new connective tissue, and microscopic blood vessels have three main functions. Immune: Protects the wound surface from microbial invasion and further injury. Proliferative: Fills the wound from its base with new tissue and vasculature.

Detailed explanation-2: -Remodelling is the final phase of the healing process in which the granulation tissue matures into scar and tissue tensile strength is increased (Figure 23.5).

Detailed explanation-3: -Granulation tissue is produced during the repair phase. This is a complex of fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, and macrophages within a matrix of collagen and fibrin. Fibroblasts and capillaries appear in the wound by day 3. Fibroblasts use the fibrin clot as a matrix and replace it with new matrix.

Detailed explanation-4: -The third phase of healing consists of remodeling, which begins two to three weeks after the onset of the lesion and can last for one year or more. The core aim of the remodeling stage is to achieve the maximum tensile strength through reorganization, degradation, and resynthesis of the extracellular matrix.