PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The atrioventricular (AV) node is the “gatekeeper” between the atria and the ventricles and is located at the AV junction on the right side of the heart (Figure 1A). The primary role of the node is to conduct the action potential from the atria to the ventricles.

Detailed explanation-2: -The cells of the SA node at the top of the heart are known as the pacemaker of the heart because the rate at which these cells send out electrical signals determines the rate at which the entire heart beats (heart rate).

Detailed explanation-3: -The delaying an electric impulse through the atrioventricular node (AV node) allows atria to completely empty themselves into the ventricle for contraction before the blood pumps out through ventricles.

Detailed explanation-4: -An electrical stimulus is generated in a special part of the heart muscle called the sinus node. It’s also called the sinoatrial node (SA node).