PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Interferons (IFNs)-the body’s first line of antiviral defence-are cytokines that are secreted by host cells in response to virus infection. By inducing the expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes, several of which have antiviral functions, IFNs block virus replication at many levels.

Detailed explanation-2: -Interferons (IFN) are a group of proteins produced and released by animal cells in response to the viral infection.

Detailed explanation-3: -Interferons provide a first line of defence against virus infections by generating an intracellular environment that restricts virus replication and signals the presence of a viral pathogen to the adaptive arm of the immune response.

Detailed explanation-4: -IFNs belong to the large class of proteins known as cytokines, molecules used for communication between cells to trigger the protective defenses of the immune system that help eradicate pathogens. Interferons are named for their ability to “interfere” with viral replication by protecting cells from virus infections.