PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -[1] Immunoglobulins constitute about 20% of the protein in plasma. The immunogen or antigen reacts with a B-cell receptor (BCR) on the cell surface of B lymphocytes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Option B: Complement is a group of approximately 20 proteins found in plasma.

Detailed explanation-3: -The protein concentration in plasma/serum is approximately 60–80 mg/mL of which about 50–60% are albumins and 40% globulins (10–20% immunoglobulin G, IgG) [7, 8].

Detailed explanation-4: -Fibrinogen comprises 7% of blood proteins; conversion of fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin is essential for blood clotting. The remainder of the plasma proteins (1%) are regulatory proteins, such as enzymes, proenzymes, and hormones. All blood proteins are synthesized in liver except for the gamma globulins.

Detailed explanation-5: -Most, but not all, plasma proteins are manufactured in the liver including albumins. These are the most abundant and form about 60% of all plasma proteins. They contribute to osmotic pressure, help to control water balance and are involved in the transport of substances in blood including drugs.