PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The innate immune system is the body’s first line of defense against germs entering the body. It responds in the same way to all germs and foreign substances, which is why it is sometimes referred to as the “nonspecific” immune system.

Detailed explanation-2: -The immune system’s three lines of defense include physical and chemical barriers, non-specific innate responses, and specific adaptive responses.

Detailed explanation-3: -The first line of defense against infection are the surface barriers that prevent the entry of pathogens into the body. The second line of defense are the non-specific phagocytes and other internal mechanisms that comprise innate immunity.

Detailed explanation-4: -Innate immunity is the first immunological, non-specific mechanism for fighting against infections. This immune response is rapid, occurring minutes or hours after aggression and is mediated by numerous cells including phagocytes, mast cells, basophils and eosinophils, as well as the complement system.

Detailed explanation-5: -The third line of defense is specific resistance. This system relies on antigens, which are specific substances found in foreign microbes. Most antigens are proteins that serve as the stimulus to produce an immune response. The term “antigen” comes from ANTI-body GENerating substances.