PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The structure recognized by an antibody is called an antigenic determinant or epitope. Some of the most important pathogens have polysaccharide coats, and antibodies that recognize epitopes formed by the sugar subunits of these molecules are essential in providing immune protection from such pathogens.

Detailed explanation-2: -Specificity is the degree to which an immune response discriminates between antigenic variants. A simple approach measures the relative binding affinities of purified antibodies or T cell receptors for different antigens.