PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -In brief, when B and T-cells replicate during the primary immune response, they produce effector cells and long-lived memory cells. Memory B and T-cells are antigen-specific and, on encountering the antigen again, can mount a more rapid and effective immune response, known as the secondary immune response.

Detailed explanation-2: -During the secondary immune response, the immune system can eliminate the antigen, which has been encountered by the individual during the primary invasion, more rapidly and efficiently. Both T and B memory cells contribute to the secondary response.

Detailed explanation-3: -During the secondary immune response, these cells are involved in the reaction against foreign antigens, including pathogens, and take part in autoimmune diseases, but also are crucial to immunological tolerance and vaccine therapy.

Detailed explanation-4: -After an encounter with a new pathogen, the adaptive immune system often “remembers” the pathogen, allowing for a faster response if the pathogen ever attacks again. Specific immune responses are triggered by antigens. Antigens are usually found on the surface of pathogens and are unique to that particular pathogen.