PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Vaccines contain weakened or inactive parts of a particular organism (antigen) that triggers an immune response within the body. Newer vaccines contain the blueprint for producing antigens rather than the antigen itself.

Detailed explanation-2: -The vaccine does not make the body sick but elicits an immune response, which serves as a memory for future encounters. Hence, vaccination stimulates the immune system preparing it better for pathogenic infections.

Detailed explanation-3: -Both the innate and adaptive immune subsystems are necessary to provide an effective immune response to an immunization. Further, effective immunizations must induce long-term stimulation of both the humoral and cell-mediated arms of the adaptive system by the production of effector cells and memory cells.