PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cytotoxic T cells destroy virus-infected cells in the cell-mediated immune response, and helper T cells play a part in activating both the antibody and the cell-mediated immune responses. Suppressor T cells deactivate T cells and B cells when needed, and thus prevent the immune response from becoming too intense.

Detailed explanation-2: -Finally, antibodies stimulate inflammation, and their presence in mucus and on the skin prevents pathogen attack. The production of antibodies by plasma cells in response to an antigen is called active immunity and describes the host’s active response of the immune system to an infection or to a vaccination.

Detailed explanation-3: -Neutrophils are considered the first responders of the innate immune system. Neutrophils and macrophages circulate though the blood and reside in tissues watching for potential problems. Both cells can “eat” bacteria, as well as communicate with other immune cells if an issue arises.

Detailed explanation-4: -Specific Resistance (Acquired Immunity) The final line of defense is specific resistance, which is a component of acquired immunity. Specific resistance relies on antigens, or specific substances that are found in foreign microbes.