PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nonspecific responses that alter the intracellular environment include fever, inflammation, and interferon. These multiple defenses function with great complexity because of their interactions with one another.

Detailed explanation-2: -The non-specific response is a generalized response to pathogen infections involving the use of several white blood cells and plasma proteins. Non-specific immunity, or innate immunity, is the immune system with which you were born, made up of phagocytes and barriers.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nonspecific Defenses The early nonspecific responses occur within hours and consist of interferon production, inflammation, fever, phagocytosis, and natural killer cell activity. These defenses may prevent or abort infection; if they do not, the virus is disseminated by local spread, viremia, or nerve spread.

Detailed explanation-4: -Physical barriers, like skin and mucous membranes. Chemical deterrents, like antimicrobial enzymes in bodily fluids and stomach acid. Reflexes, like coughing and sneezing. Cells, like macrophages, basophils, and natural killer T-cells. 02-Feb-2022