PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The correct answer: The condition which is not an example of the second line of defense is (c) Plasma cells with antibodies. The second line of defense in the body is the innate immune system. The innate immune response is initiated as a non-specific action of the immune cells on the pathogens.

Detailed explanation-2: -The second line of defence is a group of cells, tissues and organs that work together to protect the body. This is the immune system.

Detailed explanation-3: -An infection occurs when pathogens make it past the first line of defence and enter the body. When this happens, the immune system responds in some general ways that treat all pathogens equally. For example, it can trigger an increase in core body temperature to produce a fever.

Detailed explanation-4: -The immune system’s three lines of defense include physical and chemical barriers, non-specific innate responses, and specific adaptive responses.