PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Macrophages. Macrophages are the major phagocytic cell in chronic inflammation, acting to engulf and destroy foreign material and/or pathogens, and are derived from monocytes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Clinically apparent tissue inflammation during viral infection attests to an excessive influx of leukocytes, and activation of tissue-resident leukocytes. Systemic inflammation reflects an excessive activation of circulating leukocytes, particularly in response to viremia.

Detailed explanation-3: -Through cytokine release and antibody production, lymphocytes orchestrate and amplify the recruitment and function of other immune cells and contribute to host defense against invading pathogens and the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases.

Detailed explanation-4: -The inflammatory diseases colitis, pancreatitis and hepatitis, for example, are linked to a greater risk of colon, pancreatic and liver cancers, respectively. In these diseases, immune cells create highly reactive molecules containing oxygen and nitrogen that can damage DNA. Inflammation also may cause cells to divide.