PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Antibodies alone are often not enough to protect the body against pathogens. In these instances, the immune system uses cell-mediated immunity to destroy infected body cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -The innate immune responses are the first line of defense against invading pathogens. They are also required to initiate specific adaptive immune responses. Innate immune responses rely on the body’s ability to recognize conserved features of pathogens that are not present in the uninfected host.

Detailed explanation-3: -Cell-Mediated Immunity: The term cell-mediated immunity refers to (1) the recognition and/or killing of virus and virus-infected cells by leukocytes and (2) the production of different soluble factors (cytokines) by these cells when stimulated by virus or virus-infected cells.