PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Astrocytes play a critical role in normal function of the mammalian nervous system. Astrocytes regulate synaptic transmission and plasticity, protect neurons against toxic compounds, and support metabolically to ensure their optimal functioning.

Detailed explanation-2: -The BBB is formed by endothelial cells (ECs), surrounded by an endothelial and astroglial basement membranes with pericytes embedded in between. These are surrounded by astrocyte endfeet that provide support to endothelial function and establish communication with neurons.