PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -An involuntary response to a stimulus is known as reflex action. Reflex actions occur when our body needs to react to immediate danger such as accidentally tough a hot object. A reflex arc is a neural pathway that controls a reflex action.

Detailed explanation-2: -Reflex action is a sudden and involuntary response to stimuli. It helps organisms to quickly adapt to an adverse circumstance that could have the potential to cause bodily harm or even death. Pulling our hands away immediately after touching a hot or cold object is a classic example of a reflex action.

Detailed explanation-3: -Actions that take place without the willingness of an individual are called involuntary actions. Example: Digestion, sneezing, heart beating, etc.

Detailed explanation-4: -Reflex is defined as an involuntary motor response, secretory or vascular, elicited shortly after a stimulus, which may be conscious or not. The response to the stimulus is unalterable, it cannot be changed or adapted according to needs or circumstances.