PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Action potential – Brief ( 1 ms) electrical event typically generated in the axon that signals the neuron as ‘active’. An action potential travels the length of the axon and causes release of neurotransmitter into the synapse.

Detailed explanation-2: -The action potential is conducted down the axon as the axon membrane depolarizes, then repolarizes. Image credit: Openstax Biology. Action potentials always proceed in one direction only, from the cell body (soma) to the synapse(s) at the end of the axon.

Detailed explanation-3: -The neuron transmitting the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is called the postsynaptic neuron. Note that these designations are relative to a particular synapse-most neurons are both presynaptic and postsynaptic. There are two types of synapses: chemical and electrical.