PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The peripheral nervous system refers to parts of the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord. It includes the cranial nerves, spinal nerves and their roots and branches, peripheral nerves, and neuromuscular junctions.

Detailed explanation-2: -The central nervous system (CNS) includes the brain and spinal cord, while the peripheral nervous system includes all of the nerves that branch out from the brain and spinal cord and extend to other parts of the body, including muscles and organs.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 spinal nerve pairs, giving a total of 43 paired nerves forming the basis of the peripheral nervous system.

Detailed explanation-4: -Autonomic nervous system (ANS): Controls involuntary bodily functions and regulates glands. Somatic nervous system (SNS): Controls muscle movement and relays information from ears, eyes and skin to the central nervous system.