PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -These tracts travel both to the brain (afferent) and from the brain (efferent), such as the somatosensory pathways and the corticospinal tracts, respectively. Ten of the twelve cranial nerves arise from their cranial nerve nuclei in the brainstem.

Detailed explanation-2: -The brainstem connects the brain and the spinal cord. It is made up of the pons, the medulla (meh-DULL-uh), and the midbrain. These parts work together to control and coordinate the messages going in and out of the brain.

Detailed explanation-3: -Neural pathways are groups of nerve fibers which carry information between the various parts of the CNS. Neural pathways that connect the CNS and spinal cord are called tracts. Ascending tracts run from the spinal cord to the brain while descending tracts run from the brain to the spinal cord.

Detailed explanation-4: -“Nerves that extend throughout the body on both sides emerging directly from brain and brain stem are called cranial nerves.” Cranial nerves carry information from the brain to other parts of the body, primarily to the head and neck. These nerves are paired and present on both sides of the body.