PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Immunoperoxidase staining can help identify the nature of the cells present in the islets of Langerhans. On the right, antibody to insulin has been employed to identify the beta cells. On the left, antibody to glucagon identifies the alpha cells.

Detailed explanation-2: -The islets of Langerhans are endocrine functional units of the pancreas. Histologically, four cell types can be identified: the or A cells that secrete glucagon; the or B cells that secrete insulin; the or D cells that secrete somatostatin; and the PP cells that secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

Detailed explanation-3: -The beta cells of the pancreatic islets of Langerhans respond to changes in glucose concentration by varying the rate of insulin synthesis and secretion. Beta cells sense glucose concentration by the levels of the products of glucose catabolism.