PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When the lungs inhale, the diaphragm contracts and pulls downward. At the same time, the muscles between the ribs contract and pull upward. This increases the size of the thoracic cavity and decreases the pressure inside.

Detailed explanation-2: -Action: diaphragm is the main inspiratory muscle, during inspiration it contracts and moves in an inferior direction that increases the vertical diameter of the thoracic cavity and produces lung expansion, in turn, the air is drawn in.

Detailed explanation-3: -During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and becomes flat. This increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and provides more space for the lungs to expand. The opposite happens during exhalation, where the diaphragm relaxes and becomes dome-shaped.