PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Each kidney contains about one million tiny units called nephrons. Each nephron is made up of a very small filter, called a glomerulus, which is attached to a tubule. As blood passes through the nephron, fluid and waste products are filtered out.

Detailed explanation-2: -The kidneys filter wastes from the blood and help balance water, salt, and mineral levels in the blood. To do this, blood from the body enters the kidney. Inside the kidney, blood is filtered and waste is removed.

Detailed explanation-3: -The left kidney is situated a little higher than the right one, because of the liver on the right side of the abdominal cavity, above the right kidney. Each of the two bean-shaped organs weighs about 125 to 175 grams and 115 to 155 grams in males and females respectively.

Detailed explanation-4: -The kidneys act as very efficient filters for ridding the body of waste and toxic substances, and returning vitamins, amino acids, glucose, hormones and other vital substances into the bloodstream. The kidneys receive a high blood flow and this is filtered by very specialised blood vessels.