PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -There are three means by which carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream from peripheral tissues and back to the lungs: (1) dissolved gas, (2) bicarbonate, and (3) carbaminohemoglobin bound to hemoglobin (and other proteins).

Detailed explanation-2: -One of the key functions of blood is transport. Blood vessels are like networks of roads where deliveries and waste removal take place. Oxygen, nutrients and hormones are delivered around the body in the blood and carbon dioxide and other waste products are removed.

Detailed explanation-3: -The protein inside (a) red blood cells that carries oxygen to cells and carbon dioxide to the lungs is (b) hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is made up of four symmetrical subunits and four heme groups. Iron associated with the heme binds oxygen.