PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -When you inhale (breathe in), air enters your lungs, and oxygen from that air moves to your blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste gas, moves from your blood to the lungs and is exhaled (breathed out). This process, called gas exchange, is essential to life.

Detailed explanation-2: -The respiratory system’s main job is to move fresh air into your body while removing waste gases. Once in the lungs, oxygen is moved into the bloodstream and carried through your body. At each cell in your body, oxygen is exchanged for a waste gas called carbon dioxide.

Detailed explanation-3: -CO2 is transported in the bloodstream to the lungs where it is ultimately removed from the body through exhalation.

Detailed explanation-4: -The respiratory system ensures that the CO2 level in the blood is not above the “set point". This is done by monitoring the blood pH via the chemoreceptors present in the blood vessels. A drop in blood pH indicates the increase in CO2 level in the blood.