PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Melanin protects skin from the sun’s ultraviolet rays. These can burn the skin and reduce its elasticity, leading to premature aging. People tan because sunlight causes the skin to produce more melanin and darken. The tan fades when new cells move to the surface and the tanned cells are sloughed off.

Detailed explanation-2: -If your body makes too much melanin, your skin gets darker. Pregnancy, Addison’s disease, and sun exposure all can make your skin darker. If your body makes too little melanin, your skin gets lighter. Vitiligo is a condition that causes patches of light skin.

Detailed explanation-3: -Your skin begins to darken in an attempt to block out harmful rays and prevent further injury. Deeper tan color is produced by darkening of existing pigment and by a limited increase in pigment formation. The skin cells that produce this pigment are called melanocytes. The pigment that is produced is called melanin.