PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Atherosclerosis refers to narrowing of the lumen of the coronary artery or any of its branches due to the deposition of fat, cholesterol, calcium and fibrous tissue. Thus option d is correct.

Detailed explanation-2: -Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids and fibrous elements in the large arteries. The anatomy of a normal artery is shown in Fig. 1. The early lesions of atherosclerosis consist of subendothelial accumulations of cholesterol-engorged macrophages, called ‘foam cells’.

Detailed explanation-3: -High serum lipid levels, especially the elevated level of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), have been shown to be strongly related to the development of atherosclerosis.