PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -A person with sarcomatoid RCC often has a poor outlook, and the average survival time is 6–13 months . There are very few effective treatment options for sarcomatoid RCC. One potential treatment is immune checkpoint inhibitors, but more research is necessary to determine whether they are an effective option.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stage of the tumor, especially the presence of metastasis, is the most important prognostic factor for RCC (p < 0.001).

Detailed explanation-3: -Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with sarcomatoid differentiation (sRCC) is a highly aggressive form of RCC. Histologically, sRCC shows loss of characteristic epithelial components and contains features such as spindle cells, high cellularity, and cellular atypia.

Detailed explanation-4: -If the sarcoma is found at an early stage and has not spread from where it started, surgical treatment is often very effective and many people are cured. However, if the sarcoma has spread to other parts of the body, treatment can usually control the tumor but not cure it.