PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Afferent arteriole constriction leads to decreased GFR and decreased RPF, resulting in no change in FF. One important function of prostaglandins is to dilate the afferent arteriole.

Detailed explanation-2: -Falling blood pressure does the opposite: dilate the afferent arteriole and preserve blood flow to the kidney. Secondly, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system acts to preserve GFR. The juxtaglomerular cells in the afferent arteriole release renin in response to decreased stretch.

Detailed explanation-3: -The afferent and efferent arterioles constrict in response to -adrenergic stimulation. This vasoconstriction predominantly affects the afferent arteriole, effectively reducing hydrostatic pressure within the glomerular capillary lumen and decreasing glomerular filtration.