PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Note the use of the term “reabsorbed.” All of these substances were “absorbed” in the digestive tract-99 percent of the water and most of the solutes filtered by the nephron must be reabsorbed. Water and substances that are reabsorbed are returned to the circulation by the peritubular and vasa recta capillaries.

Detailed explanation-2: -Most of the glucose entering the tubular system is reabsorbed along the nephron segments, primarily in the proximal tubule, such that urine is almost free of glucose.

Detailed explanation-3: -Filtration involves the transfer of soluble components, such as water and waste, from the blood into the glomerulus. Reabsorption involves the absorption of molecules, ions, and water that are necessary for the body to maintain homeostasis from the glomerular filtrate back into the blood.

Detailed explanation-4: -When blood is filtered through the glomeruli in the kidneys, glucose is freely filtered into the tubular fluid of the nephron. In a healthy individual, nearly all of this filtered glucose is reabsorbed back into the bloodstream through the proximal tubule of the nephron.