PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The kidneys regulate circulatory volume by controlling sodium and water balance, thus maintaining extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) homeostasis. Simply put, an increase in sodium and water consumption leads to an increase in ECFV, which in turn increases blood volume.

Detailed explanation-2: -The kidneys are essential for cleansing the blood and eliminating urine waste from the body. They also have other important functions that maintain homeostasis in the body including regulating acid-base balance, the concentration of electrolytes, controlling blood pressure, and secreting hormones.

Detailed explanation-3: -Your urinary system, also called the renal system or urinary tract, removes waste from your blood in the form of urine. It also helps regulate your blood volume and pressure, and controls the level of chemicals and salts (electrolytes) in your body’s cells and blood.

Detailed explanation-4: -Regulation of extracellular fluid volume. The kidneys work to ensure an adequate quantity of plasma to keep blood flowing to vital organs. Regulation of osmolarity. Regulation of ion concentrations. Regulation of pH. Excretion of wastes and toxins. Production of hormones.