PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The primary osmoreceptors that control AVP secretion and thirst are located in the anterior hypothalamus, and lesions of this region in animals cause hyperosmolality through a combination of impaired thirst and osmotically stimulated AVP secretion.

Detailed explanation-2: -Osmoreceptors are cells in hypothalamic Organus Vasculosus Lamina Terminales (OVLT). They sense increases in effective osmolarity capable of inducing decreases in cell volume (not like urea) when the osmolar concentration rises above a threshold of 280 mOsm/Kg, .

Detailed explanation-3: -Clearly supraoptic neurones respond directly to changes in the osmolarity of their immediate environment. Since these cells also control the rate of secretion of vasopressin they contribute to osmoreception.

Detailed explanation-4: -Osmoreceptors maintain the osmolality of the blood through a coordinated set of neuroendocrine, autonomic, and behavioral feedbacks. These responses aid cellular function by maintaining the osmolar gradient of various ions.