PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -nephron, functional unit of the kidney, the structure that actually produces urine in the process of removing waste and excess substances from the blood. There are about 1, 000, 000 nephrons in each human kidney.

Detailed explanation-2: -The correct option is C Nephron. The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney. Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing the required substances and excreting the rest as urine.

Detailed explanation-3: -The functional unit of the kidney is the nephron and it is called the functional unit because its the smallest structure in the kidney that can carry out its functions. There are about more than 1 million nephrons in each kidney. Distinguish between cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons.