PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The renal corpuscle consists of several histological structures (FIG 1): Glomerulus capillaries form a central tuft of looped capillaries located in the center of the renal corpuscle. These capillaries deliver blood and create a large surface area for renal filtration. These capillaries are optimized for filtration.

Detailed explanation-2: -Filtration is the mass movement of water and solutes from plasma to the renal tubule that occurs in the renal corpuscle. About 20% of the plasma volume passing through the glomerulus at any given time is filtered. This means that about 180 liters of fluid are filtered by the kidneys every day.

Detailed explanation-3: -Kidneys are a filter system Each kidney contains about one million tiny units called nephrons. Each nephron is made up of a very small filter, called a glomerulus, which is attached to a tubule. As blood passes through the nephron, fluid and waste products are filtered out.

Detailed explanation-4: -Blood enters the glomerulus under high pressure, forcing substances across the leaky endothelial-capsular membrane into the nephron. This membrane acts like a sieve allowing small substances to be filtered into the nephron, whilst large molecules such as plasma proteins remain within the blood.