PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Urine is formed in three main steps-glomerular filtration, reabsorption and secretion. It comprises 95 % water and 5% wastes such as ions of sodium, potassium and calcium, and nitrogenous wastes such as creatinine, urea and ammonia. Osmoregulation is the process of maintaining homeostasis of the body.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion are the three primary steps in which kidneys filter blood and maintain proper electrolyte balance. Glomerular filtration removes solutes from the blood; it is the first step of urine formation.

Detailed explanation-3: -How does urination occur? To urinate, your brain signals the sphincters to relax. Then it signals the muscular bladder wall to tighten, squeezing urine through the urethra and out of your bladder.