PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Healthy kidneys filter about a half cup of blood every minute, removing wastes and extra water to make urine. The urine flows from the kidneys to the bladder through two thin tubes of muscle called ureters, one on each side of your bladder. Your bladder stores urine.

Detailed explanation-2: -Urine is formed in the kidneys through a filtration of blood. The urine is then passed through the ureters to the bladder, where it is stored.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hydronephrosis is the swelling of a kidney due to a build-up of urine. It happens when urine cannot drain out from the kidney to the bladder from a blockage or obstruction. Hydronephrosis can occur in one or both kidneys.

Detailed explanation-4: -Every day, all of the blood in your body (between five and six liters) passes through the kidneys about 300 times. So your kidneys filter about 1, 700 liters of blood per day in total. This leads to the daily production of about 170 liters of primary urine (glomerular filtrate) – which later becomes urine.