PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nephrolithiasis is the term employed for kidney stones, also known as renal calculi, and they are crystal concretions formed typically in the kidney. Calculi typically form in the kidneys and ideally leave the body via the urethra without pain. Larger stones are painful and may need surgical intervention.

Detailed explanation-2: -Stones can form when urine contains too much of certain substances that form crystals. These crystals can develop into stones over weeks or months. Calcium stones are most common. They are most likely to occur in men between ages 20 to 30. Calcium can combine with other substances to form the stone.

Detailed explanation-3: -What does “nephrolithiasis” mean? The word nephrolithiasis comes from “nephro, ‘’ which is the latin word for kidneys, and “lithiasis, ‘’ which is the medical term used to refer to stones.