PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Nephrectomy (nuh-FREK-tuh-me) is a surgical procedure to remove all or part of a kidney: Radical (complete) nephrectomy.

Detailed explanation-2: -You may have an open partial nephrectomy or a laparoscopic/robotic partial nephrectomy. Radical nephrectomy, where a surgeon removes the entire kidney. Surgeons may also remove a section of the ureter (tube leading to the bladder), in a procedure called nephroureterectomy.

Detailed explanation-3: -Flank Incisions Flank approaches may be preferable for uncomplicated nephrectomies. This approach allows access to the retroperitoneum while avoiding entry into the peritoneum or chest.