PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Vassopressin/antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted by posterior pituitary gland and targets nephrons to increase water reabsorption from renal tubules and thereby decreasing water content in urine.

Detailed explanation-2: -ADH primarily affects the ability of the kidney to reabsorb water; when present, ADH induces expression of water transport proteins in the late distal tubule and collecting duct to increase water reabsorption. Several disease states arise when the body loses control of ADH secretion or responds to its presence.

Detailed explanation-3: -Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is a chemical produced in the brain that causes the kidneys to release less water, decreasing the amount of urine produced. A high ADH level causes the body to produce less urine.

Detailed explanation-4: -Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) induces water retention by increasing the permeability of nephrons. Its influence on water permeability occurs primarily by regulating aquaporin 2 water channels in the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney (Kwon et al., 2001).