SSC MTS EXAM

Detailed explanation-1: -Partial hydrogenation or hardening of oils (PHO) is a chemical modification by adding hydrogen to (poly)unsaturated fatty acids in the triglycerides under high temperature and pressure in the presence of a metal catalyst, such as nickel.

Detailed explanation-2: -Hydrogenation is the process by which unsaturated fats are changed to saturated fats.

Detailed explanation-3: -Unsaturated fatty acids can additionally undergo addition reactions, most commonly hydrogenation, which is used to convert vegetable oils into margarine. With partial hydrogenation, unsaturated fatty acids can be isomerized from cis to trans configuration.

Detailed explanation-4: -Unsaturated fatty acids are typically biosynthesized by a unique dehydrogenation reaction called desaturation. The chemistry of this transformation is remarkable in its selectivity.