USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -On July 21, 1861, in the first major land battle of the Civil War, a large Union force under General Irvin McDowell is routed by a Confederate army under General Pierre G.T. Beauregard.

Detailed explanation-2: -On July 21, 1861, Union and Confederate armies clashed near Manassas Junction, Virginia. The engagement began when about 35, 000 Union troops marched from the federal capital in Washington, D.C. to strike a Confederate force of 20, 000 along a small river known as Bull Run.

Detailed explanation-3: -The first land battle of the Civil War was fought on July 21, 1861, just 30 miles from Washington-close enough for U.S. senators to witness the battle in person. Southerners called it the Battle of Manassas, after the closest town. Northerners called it Bull Run, after a stream running through the battlefield.

Detailed explanation-4: -The end result of the battle was a Confederate victory and Federal forces retreated to the defenses of Washington, DC. One week later, General George McClellan was appointed head of the Army of the Potomac. The three maps cited below all use the name “Bull Run” to identify the battle.