USA HISTORY

Detailed explanation-1: -Also absent was Russia, which had fought as one of the Allied powers until 1917, when, following the Russian Revolution, the country’s new Bolshevik government concluded a separate peace with Germany and withdrew from the conflict.

Detailed explanation-2: -The conference was dominated by the national leaders known as the “Big Four”-David Lloyd George, the prime minister of the United Kingdom; Georges Clemenceau, the prime minister of France; Woodrow Wilson, the president of the United States; and Vittorio Orlando, the prime minister of Italy.

Detailed explanation-3: -Russia had fought as one of the Allies until December 1917, when its new Bolshevik Government withdrew from the war. The Allied Powers refused to recognize the new Bolshevik Government and thus did not invite its representatives to the Peace Conference.

Detailed explanation-4: -Though nearly thirty nations participated, the representatives of the United Kingdom, France, the United States, and Italy became known as the “Big Four.” The “Big Four” dominated the proceedings that led to the formulation of the Treaty of Versailles, a treaty that ended World War I.